compliance controls are associated with this Policy definition 'Audit user account status' (49c23d9b-02b0-0e42-4f94-e8cef1b8381b)
| Control Domain |
Control |
Name |
MetadataId |
Category |
Title |
Owner |
Requirements |
Description |
Info |
Policy# |
| CIS_Azure_1.1.0 |
1.3 |
CIS_Azure_1.1.0_1.3 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 1.3 |
1 Identity and Access Management |
Ensure that there are no guest users |
Shared |
The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation. |
Do not add guest users if not needed. |
link |
8 |
| CIS_Azure_1.1.0 |
2.14 |
CIS_Azure_1.1.0_2.14 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 2.14 |
2 Security Center |
Ensure ASC Default policy setting "Monitor SQL Auditing" is not "Disabled" |
Shared |
The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation. |
Enable SQL auditing recommendations. |
link |
5 |
| CIS_Azure_1.1.0 |
3.3 |
CIS_Azure_1.1.0_3.3 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 3.3 |
3 Storage Accounts |
Ensure Storage logging is enabled for Queue service for read, write, and delete requests |
Shared |
The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation. |
The Storage Queue service stores messages that may be read by any client who has access to the storage account. A queue can contain an unlimited number of messages, each of which can be up to 64KB in size using version 2011-08-18 or newer. Storage Logging happens server-side and allows details for both successful and failed requests to be recorded in the storage account. These logs allow users to see the details of read, write, and delete operations against the queues. Storage Logging log entries contain the following information about individual requests: Timing information such as start time, end-to-end latency, and server latency, authentication details , concurrency information and the sizes of the request and response messages. |
link |
5 |
| CIS_Azure_1.1.0 |
4.1 |
CIS_Azure_1.1.0_4.1 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 4.1 |
4 Database Services |
Ensure that 'Auditing' is set to 'On' |
Shared |
The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation. |
Enable auditing on SQL Servers. |
link |
5 |
| CIS_Azure_1.1.0 |
4.12 |
CIS_Azure_1.1.0_4.12 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 4.12 |
4 Database Services |
Ensure server parameter 'log_checkpoints' is set to 'ON' for PostgreSQL Database Server |
Shared |
The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation. |
Enable 'log_checkpoints' on 'PostgreSQL Servers'. |
link |
5 |
| CIS_Azure_1.1.0 |
4.14 |
CIS_Azure_1.1.0_4.14 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 4.14 |
4 Database Services |
Ensure server parameter 'log_connections' is set to 'ON' for PostgreSQL Database Server |
Shared |
The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation. |
Enable 'log_connections' on 'PostgreSQL Servers'. |
link |
5 |
| CIS_Azure_1.1.0 |
4.15 |
CIS_Azure_1.1.0_4.15 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 4.15 |
4 Database Services |
Ensure server parameter 'log_disconnections' is set to 'ON' for PostgreSQL Database Server |
Shared |
The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation. |
Enable 'log_disconnections' on 'PostgreSQL Servers'. |
link |
5 |
| CIS_Azure_1.1.0 |
4.16 |
CIS_Azure_1.1.0_4.16 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 4.16 |
4 Database Services |
Ensure server parameter 'log_duration' is set to 'ON' for PostgreSQL Database Server |
Shared |
The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation. |
Enable 'log_duration' on 'PostgreSQL Servers'. |
link |
4 |
| CIS_Azure_1.1.0 |
4.17 |
CIS_Azure_1.1.0_4.17 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 4.17 |
4 Database Services |
Ensure server parameter 'connection_throttling' is set to 'ON' for PostgreSQL Database Server |
Shared |
The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation. |
Enable 'connection_throttling' on 'PostgreSQL Servers'. |
link |
5 |
| CIS_Azure_1.1.0 |
4.2 |
CIS_Azure_1.1.0_4.2 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 4.2 |
4 Database Services |
Ensure that 'AuditActionGroups' in 'auditing' policy for a SQL server is set properly |
Shared |
The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation. |
Configure the 'AuditActionGroups' property to appropriate groups to capture all the critical activities on the SQL Server and all the SQL databases hosted on the SQL server. |
link |
5 |
| CIS_Azure_1.1.0 |
5.1.7 |
CIS_Azure_1.1.0_5.1.7 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 5.1.7 |
5 Logging and Monitoring |
Ensure that logging for Azure KeyVault is 'Enabled' |
Shared |
The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation. |
Enable AuditEvent logging for key vault instances to ensure interactions with key vaults are logged and available. |
link |
6 |
| CIS_Azure_1.3.0 |
1.3 |
CIS_Azure_1.3.0_1.3 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 1.3 |
1 Identity and Access Management |
Ensure guest users are reviewed on a monthly basis |
Shared |
The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation. |
Azure AD is extended to include Azure AD B2B collaboration, allowing you to invite people from outside your organization to be guest users in your cloud account and sign in with their own work, school, or social identities. Guest users allow you to share your company's applications and services with users from any other organization, while maintaining control over your own corporate data.
Work with external partners, large or small, even if they don't have Azure AD or an IT department. A simple invitation and redemption process lets partners use their own credentials to access your company's resources a a guest user. |
link |
8 |
| CIS_Azure_1.3.0 |
3.10 |
CIS_Azure_1.3.0_3.10 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 3.10 |
3 Storage Accounts |
Ensure Storage logging is enabled for Blob service for read, write, and delete requests |
Shared |
The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation. |
The Storage Blob service provides scalable, cost-efficient objective storage in the cloud. Storage Logging happens server-side and allows details for both successful and failed requests to be recorded in the storage account. These logs allow users to see the details of read, write, and delete operations against the blobs. Storage Logging log entries contain the following information about individual requests: Timing information such as start time, end-to-end latency, and server latency, authentication details , concurrency information and the sizes of the request and response messages. |
link |
5 |
| CIS_Azure_1.3.0 |
3.11 |
CIS_Azure_1.3.0_3.11 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 3.11 |
3 Storage Accounts |
Ensure Storage logging is enabled for Table service for read, write, and delete requests |
Shared |
The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation. |
The Storage Table storage is a service that stores structure NoSQL data in the cloud, providing a key/attribute store with a schema less design. Storage Logging happens server-side and allows details for both successful and failed requests to be recorded in the storage account. These logs allow users to see the details of read, write, and delete operations against the tables. Storage Logging log entries contain the following information about individual requests: Timing information such as start time, end-to-end latency, and server latency, authentication details , concurrency information and the sizes of the request and response messages. |
link |
5 |
| CIS_Azure_1.3.0 |
3.3 |
CIS_Azure_1.3.0_3.3 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 3.3 |
3 Storage Accounts |
Ensure Storage logging is enabled for Queue service for read, write, and delete requests |
Shared |
The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation. |
The Storage Queue service stores messages that may be read by any client who has access to the storage account. A queue can contain an unlimited number of messages, each of which can be up to 64KB in size using version 2011-08-18 or newer. Storage Logging happens server-side and allows details for both successful and failed requests to be recorded in the storage account. These logs allow users to see the details of read, write, and delete operations against the queues. Storage Logging log entries contain the following information about individual requests: Timing information such as start time, end-to-end latency, and server latency, authentication details , concurrency information and the sizes of the request and response messages. |
link |
5 |
| CIS_Azure_1.3.0 |
4.1.1 |
CIS_Azure_1.3.0_4.1.1 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 4.1.1 |
4 Database Services |
Ensure that 'Auditing' is set to 'On' |
Shared |
The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation. |
Enable auditing on SQL Servers. |
link |
5 |
| CIS_Azure_1.3.0 |
4.3.3 |
CIS_Azure_1.3.0_4.3.3 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 4.3.3 |
4 Database Services |
Ensure server parameter 'log_checkpoints' is set to 'ON' for PostgreSQL Database Server |
Shared |
The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation. |
Enable 'log_checkpoints' on 'PostgreSQL Servers'. |
link |
5 |
| CIS_Azure_1.3.0 |
4.3.4 |
CIS_Azure_1.3.0_4.3.4 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 4.3.4 |
4 Database Services |
Ensure server parameter 'log_connections' is set to 'ON' for PostgreSQL Database Server |
Shared |
The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation. |
Enable 'log_connections' on 'PostgreSQL Servers'. |
link |
5 |
| CIS_Azure_1.3.0 |
4.3.5 |
CIS_Azure_1.3.0_4.3.5 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 4.3.5 |
4 Database Services |
Ensure server parameter 'log_disconnections' is set to 'ON' for PostgreSQL Database Server |
Shared |
The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation. |
Enable 'log_disconnections' on 'PostgreSQL Servers'. |
link |
5 |
| CIS_Azure_1.3.0 |
4.3.6 |
CIS_Azure_1.3.0_4.3.6 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 4.3.6 |
4 Database Services |
Ensure server parameter 'connection_throttling' is set to 'ON' for PostgreSQL Database Server |
Shared |
The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation. |
Enable 'connection_throttling' on 'PostgreSQL Servers'. |
link |
5 |
| CIS_Azure_1.3.0 |
5.1.2 |
CIS_Azure_1.3.0_5.1.2 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 5.1.2 |
5 Logging and Monitoring |
Ensure Diagnostic Setting captures appropriate categories |
Shared |
The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation. |
The diagnostic setting should be configured to log the appropriate activities from the control/management plane. |
link |
5 |
| CIS_Azure_1.3.0 |
5.1.5 |
CIS_Azure_1.3.0_5.1.5 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 5.1.5 |
5 Logging and Monitoring |
Ensure that logging for Azure KeyVault is 'Enabled' |
Shared |
The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation. |
Enable AuditEvent logging for key vault instances to ensure interactions with key vaults are logged and available. |
link |
5 |
| CIS_Azure_1.3.0 |
5.3 |
CIS_Azure_1.3.0_5.3 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 5.3 |
5 Logging and Monitoring |
Ensure that Diagnostic Logs are enabled for all services which support it. |
Shared |
The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation. |
Diagnostic Logs capture activity to the data access plane while the Activity log is a subscription-level log for the control plane. Resource-level diagnostic logs provide insight into operations that were performed within that resource itself, for example, getting a secret from a Key Vault. Currently, 32 Azure resources support Diagnostic Logging (See the references section for a complete list), including Network Security Groups, Load Balancers, Key Vault, AD, Logic Apps and CosmosDB. The content of these logs varies by resource type. For example, Windows event system logs are a category of diagnostics logs
for VMs, and blob, table, and queue logs are categories of diagnostics logs for storage accounts.
A number of back-end services were not configured to log and store Diagnostic Logs for certain activities or for a sufficient length. It is crucial that logging systems are correctly configured to log all relevant activities and retain those logs for a sufficient length of time. By default, Diagnostic Logs are not enabled. Given that the mean time to detection in an enterprise is 240 days, a minimum retention period of two years is recommended.
Note: The CIS Benchmark covers some specific Diagnostic Logs
separately.
'''
3.3 - Ensure Storage logging is enabled for Queue service for read, write, and delete requests
6.4 Ensure that Network Security Group Flow Log retention period is 'greater than 90 days'
''' |
link |
20 |
| CIS_Azure_1.4.0 |
1.3 |
CIS_Azure_1.4.0_1.3 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 1.3 |
1 Identity and Access Management |
Ensure guest users are reviewed on a monthly basis |
Shared |
The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation. |
Azure AD is extended to include Azure AD B2B collaboration, allowing you to invite people from outside your organization to be guest users in your cloud account and sign in with their own work, school, or social identities. Guest users allow you to share your company's applications and services with users from any other organization, while maintaining control over your own corporate data.
Work with external partners, large or small, even if they don't have Azure AD or an IT department. A simple invitation and redemption process lets partners use their own credentials to access your company's resources a a guest user. |
link |
8 |
| CIS_Azure_1.4.0 |
3.10 |
CIS_Azure_1.4.0_3.10 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 3.10 |
3 Storage Accounts |
Ensure Storage logging is Enabled for Blob Service for 'Read', 'Write', and 'Delete' requests |
Shared |
The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation. |
The Storage Blob service provides scalable, cost-efficient objective storage in the cloud. Storage Logging happens server-side and allows details for both successful and failed requests to be recorded in the storage account. These logs allow users to see the details of read, write, and delete operations against the blobs. Storage Logging log entries contain the following information about individual requests: Timing information such as start time, end-to-end latency, and server latency, authentication details , concurrency information and the sizes of the request and response messages. |
link |
5 |
| CIS_Azure_1.4.0 |
3.11 |
CIS_Azure_1.4.0_3.11 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 3.11 |
3 Storage Accounts |
Ensure Storage Logging is Enabled for Table Service for 'Read', 'Write', and 'Delete' Requests |
Shared |
The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation. |
The Storage Table storage is a service that stores structure NoSQL data in the cloud, providing a key/attribute store with a schema less design. Storage Logging happens server-side and allows details for both successful and failed requests to be recorded in the storage account. These logs allow users to see the details of read, write, and delete operations against the tables. Storage Logging log entries contain the following information about individual requests: Timing information such as start time, end-to-end latency, and server latency, authentication details , concurrency information and the sizes of the request and response messages. |
link |
5 |
| CIS_Azure_1.4.0 |
3.3 |
CIS_Azure_1.4.0_3.3 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 3.3 |
3 Storage Accounts |
Ensure Storage Logging is Enabled for Queue Service for 'Read', 'Write', and 'Delete' requests |
Shared |
The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation. |
The Storage Queue service stores messages that may be read by any client who has access to the storage account. A queue can contain an unlimited number of messages, each of which can be up to 64KB in size using version 2011-08-18 or newer. Storage Logging happens server-side and allows details for both successful and failed requests to be recorded in the storage account. These logs allow users to see the details of read, write, and delete operations against the queues. Storage Logging log entries contain the following information about individual requests: Timing information such as start time, end-to-end latency, and server latency, authentication details , concurrency information and the sizes of the request and response messages. |
link |
5 |
| CIS_Azure_1.4.0 |
4.1.1 |
CIS_Azure_1.4.0_4.1.1 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 4.1.1 |
4 Database Services |
Ensure that 'Auditing' is set to 'On' |
Shared |
The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation. |
Enable auditing on SQL Servers. |
link |
5 |
| CIS_Azure_1.4.0 |
4.3.2 |
CIS_Azure_1.4.0_4.3.2 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 4.3.2 |
4 Database Services |
Ensure Server Parameter 'log_checkpoints' is set to 'ON' for PostgreSQL Database Server |
Shared |
The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation. |
Enable 'log_checkpoints' on 'PostgreSQL Servers'. |
link |
5 |
| CIS_Azure_1.4.0 |
4.3.3 |
CIS_Azure_1.4.0_4.3.3 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 4.3.3 |
4 Database Services |
Ensure server parameter 'log_connections' is set to 'ON' for PostgreSQL Database Server |
Shared |
The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation. |
Enable 'log_connections' on 'PostgreSQL Servers'. |
link |
5 |
| CIS_Azure_1.4.0 |
4.3.4 |
CIS_Azure_1.4.0_4.3.4 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 4.3.4 |
4 Database Services |
Ensure server parameter 'log_disconnections' is set to 'ON' for PostgreSQL Database Server |
Shared |
The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation. |
Enable 'log_disconnections' on 'PostgreSQL Servers'. |
link |
5 |
| CIS_Azure_1.4.0 |
4.3.5 |
CIS_Azure_1.4.0_4.3.5 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 4.3.5 |
4 Database Services |
Ensure server parameter 'connection_throttling' is set to 'ON' for PostgreSQL Database Server |
Shared |
The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation. |
Enable 'connection_throttling' on 'PostgreSQL Servers'. |
link |
5 |
| CIS_Azure_1.4.0 |
5.1.2 |
CIS_Azure_1.4.0_5.1.2 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 5.1.2 |
5 Logging and Monitoring |
Ensure Diagnostic Setting captures appropriate categories |
Shared |
The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation. |
The diagnostic setting should be configured to log the appropriate activities from the control/management plane. |
link |
5 |
| CIS_Azure_1.4.0 |
5.1.5 |
CIS_Azure_1.4.0_5.1.5 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 5.1.5 |
5 Logging and Monitoring |
Ensure that logging for Azure KeyVault is 'Enabled' |
Shared |
The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation. |
Enable AuditEvent logging for key vault instances to ensure interactions with key vaults are logged and available. |
link |
5 |
| CIS_Azure_1.4.0 |
5.3 |
CIS_Azure_1.4.0_5.3 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 5.3 |
5 Logging and Monitoring |
Ensure that Diagnostic Logs Are Enabled for All Services that Support it. |
Shared |
The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation. |
Diagnostic Logs capture activity to the data access plane while the Activity log is a subscription-level log for the control plane. Resource-level diagnostic logs provide insight into operations that were performed within that resource itself, for example, getting a secret from a Key Vault. Currently, 32 Azure resources support Diagnostic Logging (See the references section for a complete list), including Network Security Groups, Load Balancers, Key Vault, AD, Logic Apps and CosmosDB. The content of these logs varies by resource type. For example, Windows event system logs are a category of diagnostics logs
for VMs, and blob, table, and queue logs are categories of diagnostics logs for storage accounts.
A number of back-end services were not configured to log and store Diagnostic Logs for certain activities or for a sufficient length. It is crucial that logging systems are correctly configured to log all relevant activities and retain those logs for a sufficient length of time. By default, Diagnostic Logs are not enabled. Given that the mean time to detection in an enterprise is 240 days, a minimum retention period of two years is recommended.
Note: The CIS Benchmark covers some specific Diagnostic Logs
separately.
'''
3.3 - Ensure Storage logging is enabled for Queue service for read, write, and delete requests
6.4 Ensure that Network Security Group Flow Log retention period is 'greater than 90 days'
''' |
link |
20 |
| CIS_Azure_2.0.0 |
1.5 |
CIS_Azure_2.0.0_1.5 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 1.5 |
1 |
Ensure Guest Users Are Reviewed on a Regular Basis |
Shared |
Before removing guest users, determine their use and scope. Like removing any user, there may be unforeseen consequences to systems if it is deleted. |
Azure AD is extended to include Azure AD B2B collaboration, allowing you to invite people from outside your organization to be guest users in your cloud account and sign in with their own work, school, or social identities. Guest users allow you to share your company's applications and services with users from any other organization, while maintaining control over your own corporate data.
Work with external partners, large or small, even if they don't have Azure AD or an IT department. A simple invitation and redemption process lets partners use their own credentials to access your company's resources as a guest user.
Guest users in every subscription should be review on a regular basis to ensure that inactive and unneeded accounts are removed.
Guest users in the Azure AD are generally required for collaboration purposes in Office 365, and may also be required for Azure functions in enterprises with multiple Azure tenants. Guest users are typically added outside your employee on-boarding/off-boarding process and could potentially be overlooked indefinitely, leading to a potential vulnerability. To prevent this, guest users should be reviewed on a regular basis. During this audit, guest users should also be determined to not have administrative privileges. |
link |
8 |
| CIS_Azure_2.0.0 |
3.13 |
CIS_Azure_2.0.0_3.13 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 3.13 |
3 |
Ensure Storage logging is Enabled for Blob Service for 'Read', 'Write', and 'Delete' requests |
Shared |
Being a level 2, enabling this setting can have a high impact on the cost of data storage used for logging more data per each request. Do not enable this without determining your need for this level of logging or forget to check in on data usage and projected cost. |
The Storage Blob service provides scalable, cost-efficient object storage in the cloud. Storage Logging happens server-side and allows details for both successful and failed requests to be recorded in the storage account. These logs allow users to see the details of read, write, and delete operations against the blobs. Storage Logging log entries contain the following information about individual requests: timing information such as start time, end-to-end latency, and server latency; authentication details; concurrency information; and the sizes of the request and response messages.
Storage Analytics logs contain detailed information about successful and failed requests to a storage service. This information can be used to monitor each individual request to a storage service for increased security or diagnostics. Requests are logged on a best-effort basis.
Storage Analytics logging is not enabled by default for your storage account. |
link |
5 |
| CIS_Azure_2.0.0 |
3.14 |
CIS_Azure_2.0.0_3.14 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 3.14 |
3 |
Ensure Storage Logging is Enabled for Table Service for 'Read', 'Write', and 'Delete' Requests |
Shared |
Being a level 2, enabling this setting can have a high impact on the cost of data storage used for logging more data per each request. Do not enable this without determining your need for this level of logging or forget to check in on data usage and projected cost. |
Azure Table storage is a service that stores structured NoSQL data in the cloud, providing a key/attribute store with a schema-less design. Storage Logging happens server-side and allows details for both successful and failed requests to be recorded in the storage account. These logs allow users to see the details of read, write, and delete operations against the tables. Storage Logging log entries contain the following information about individual requests: timing information such as start time, end-to-end latency, and server latency; authentication details; concurrency information; and the sizes of the request and response messages.
Storage Analytics logs contain detailed information about successful and failed requests to a storage service. This information can be used to monitor each individual request to a storage service for increased security or diagnostics. Requests are logged on a best-effort basis.
Storage Analytics logging is not enabled by default for your storage account. |
link |
5 |
| CIS_Azure_2.0.0 |
3.5 |
CIS_Azure_2.0.0_3.5 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 3.5 |
3 |
Ensure Storage Logging is Enabled for Queue Service for 'Read', 'Write', and 'Delete' requests |
Shared |
Enabling this setting can have a high impact on the cost of the log analytics service and data storage used by logging more data per each request. Do not enable this without determining your need for this level of logging, and do not forget to check in on data usage and projected cost. Some users have seen their logging costs increase from $10 per month to $10,000 per month. |
The Storage Queue service stores messages that may be read by any client who has access to the storage account. A queue can contain an unlimited number of messages, each of which can be up to 64KB in size using version 2011-08-18 or newer. Storage Logging happens server-side and allows details for both successful and failed requests to be recorded in the storage account. These logs allow users to see the details of read, write, and delete operations against the queues. Storage Logging log entries contain the following information about individual requests: Timing information such as start time, end-to-end latency, and server latency, authentication details, concurrency information, and the sizes of the request and response messages.
Storage Analytics logs contain detailed information about successful and failed requests to a storage service. This information can be used to monitor individual requests and to diagnose issues with a storage service. Requests are logged on a best-effort basis.
Storage Analytics logging is not enabled by default for your storage account. |
link |
5 |
| CIS_Azure_2.0.0 |
4.1.1 |
CIS_Azure_2.0.0_4.1.1 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 4.1.1 |
4.1 |
Ensure that 'Auditing' is set to 'On' |
Shared |
n/a |
Enable auditing on SQL Servers.
The Azure platform allows a SQL server to be created as a service. Enabling auditing at the server level ensures that all existing and newly created databases on the SQL server instance are audited.
Auditing policy applied on the SQL database does not override auditing policy and settings applied on the particular SQL server where the database is hosted.
Auditing tracks database events and writes them to an audit log in the Azure storage account. It also helps to maintain regulatory compliance, understand database activity, and gain insight into discrepancies and anomalies that could indicate business concerns or suspected security violations. |
link |
5 |
| CIS_Azure_2.0.0 |
4.3.2 |
CIS_Azure_2.0.0_4.3.2 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 4.3.2 |
4.3 |
Ensure Server Parameter 'log_checkpoints' is set to 'ON' for PostgreSQL Database Server |
Shared |
n/a |
Enable `log_checkpoints` on `PostgreSQL Servers`.
Enabling `log_checkpoints` helps the PostgreSQL Database to `Log each checkpoint` in turn generates query and error logs. However, access to transaction logs is not supported. Query and error logs can be used to identify, troubleshoot, and repair configuration errors and sub-optimal performance. |
link |
5 |
| CIS_Azure_2.0.0 |
4.3.3 |
CIS_Azure_2.0.0_4.3.3 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 4.3.3 |
4.3 |
Ensure server parameter 'log_connections' is set to 'ON' for PostgreSQL Database Server |
Shared |
n/a |
Enable `log_connections` on `PostgreSQL Servers`.
Enabling `log_connections` helps PostgreSQL Database to log attempted connection to the server, as well as successful completion of client authentication. Log data can be used to identify, troubleshoot, and repair configuration errors and suboptimal performance. |
link |
5 |
| CIS_Azure_2.0.0 |
4.3.4 |
CIS_Azure_2.0.0_4.3.4 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 4.3.4 |
4.3 |
Ensure server parameter 'log_disconnections' is set to 'ON' for PostgreSQL Database Server |
Shared |
Enabling this setting will enable a log of all disconnections. If this is enabled for a high traffic server, the log may grow exponentially. |
Enable `log_disconnections` on `PostgreSQL Servers`.
Enabling `log_disconnections` helps PostgreSQL Database to `Logs end of a session`, including duration, which in turn generates query and error logs. Query and error logs can be used to identify, troubleshoot, and repair configuration errors and sub-optimal performance. |
link |
5 |
| CIS_Azure_2.0.0 |
4.3.5 |
CIS_Azure_2.0.0_4.3.5 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 4.3.5 |
4.3 |
Ensure server parameter 'connection_throttling' is set to 'ON' for PostgreSQL Database Server |
Shared |
n/a |
Enable `connection_throttling` on `PostgreSQL Servers`.
Enabling `connection_throttling` helps the PostgreSQL Database to `Set the verbosity of logged messages`. This in turn generates query and error logs with respect to concurrent connections that could lead to a successful Denial of Service (DoS) attack by exhausting connection resources. A system can also fail or be degraded by an overload of legitimate users. Query and error logs can be used to identify, troubleshoot, and repair configuration errors and sub-optimal performance. |
link |
5 |
| CIS_Azure_2.0.0 |
5.1.2 |
CIS_Azure_2.0.0_5.1.2 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 5.1.2 |
5.1 |
Ensure Diagnostic Setting captures appropriate categories |
Shared |
n/a |
**Prerequisite**: A Diagnostic Setting must exist. If a Diagnostic Setting does not exist, the navigation and options within this recommendation will not be available. Please review the recommendation at the beginning of this subsection titled: "Ensure that a 'Diagnostic Setting' exists."
The diagnostic setting should be configured to log the appropriate activities from the control/management plane.
A diagnostic setting controls how the diagnostic log is exported. Capturing the diagnostic setting categories for appropriate control/management plane activities allows proper alerting. |
link |
8 |
| CIS_Azure_2.0.0 |
5.1.5 |
CIS_Azure_2.0.0_5.1.5 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 5.1.5 |
5.1 |
Ensure that logging for Azure Key Vault is 'Enabled' |
Shared |
n/a |
Enable AuditEvent logging for key vault instances to ensure interactions with key vaults are logged and available.
Monitoring how and when key vaults are accessed, and by whom, enables an audit trail of interactions with confidential information, keys, and certificates managed by Azure Keyvault. Enabling logging for Key Vault saves information in an Azure storage account which the user provides. This creates a new container named insights-logs-auditevent automatically for the specified storage account. This same storage account can be used for collecting logs for multiple key vaults. |
link |
5 |
| CIS_Azure_2.0.0 |
5.4 |
CIS_Azure_2.0.0_5.4 |
CIS Microsoft Azure Foundations Benchmark recommendation 5.4 |
5 |
Ensure that Azure Monitor Resource Logging is Enabled for All Services that Support it |
Shared |
Costs for monitoring varies with Log Volume. Not every resource needs to have logging enabled. It is important to determine the security classification of the data being processed by the given resource and adjust the logging based on which events need to be tracked. This is typically determined by governance and compliance requirements. |
Resource Logs capture activity to the data access plane while the Activity log is a subscription-level log for the control plane. Resource-level diagnostic logs provide insight into operations that were performed within that resource itself; for example, reading or updating a secret from a Key Vault. Currently, 95 Azure resources support Azure Monitoring (See the more information section for a complete list), including Network Security Groups, Load Balancers, Key Vault, AD, Logic Apps, and CosmosDB. The content of these logs varies by resource type.
A number of back-end services were not configured to log and store Resource Logs for certain activities or for a sufficient length. It is crucial that monitoring is correctly configured to log all relevant activities and retain those logs for a sufficient length of time. Given that the mean time to detection in an enterprise is 240 days, a minimum retention period of two years is recommended.
A lack of monitoring reduces the visibility into the data plane, and therefore an organization's ability to detect reconnaissance, authorization attempts or other malicious activity. Unlike Activity Logs, Resource Logs are not enabled by default. Specifically, without monitoring it would be impossible to tell which entities had accessed a data store that was breached. In addition, alerts for failed attempts to access APIs for Web Services or Databases are only possible when logging is enabled. |
link |
20 |
| FedRAMP_High_R4 |
AC-2 |
FedRAMP_High_R4_AC-2 |
FedRAMP High AC-2 |
Access Control |
Account Management |
Shared |
n/a |
The organization:
a. Identifies and selects the following types of information system accounts to support organizational missions/business functions: [Assignment: organization-defined information system account types];
b. Assigns account managers for information system accounts;
c. Establishes conditions for group and role membership;
d. Specifies authorized users of the information system, group and role membership, and access authorizations (i.e., privileges) and other attributes (as required) for each account;
e. Requires approvals by [Assignment: organization-defined personnel or roles] for requests to create information system accounts;
f. Creates, enables, modifies, disables, and removes information system accounts in accordance with [Assignment: organization-defined procedures or conditions];
g. Monitors the use of, information system accounts;
h. Notifies account managers:
1. When accounts are no longer required;
2. When users are terminated or transferred; and
3. When individual information system usage or need-to-know changes;
i. Authorizes access to the information system based on:
1. A valid access authorization;
2. Intended system usage; and
3. Other attributes as required by the organization or associated missions/business functions;
j. Reviews accounts for compliance with account management requirements [Assignment: organization-defined frequency]; and
k. Establishes a process for reissuing shared/group account credentials (if deployed) when individuals are removed from the group.
Supplemental Guidance: Information system account types include individual, shared, group, system, guest/anonymous, emergency, developer/manufacturer/vendor, temporary, and service. Some of the account management requirements listed above can be implemented by organizational information systems. The identification of authorized users of the information system and the specification of access privileges reflects the requirements in other security controls in the security plan. Users requiring administrative privileges on information system accounts receive additional scrutiny by appropriate organizational personnel (e.g., system owner, mission/business owner, or chief information security officer) responsible for approving such accounts and privileged access. Organizations may choose to define access privileges or other attributes by account, by type of account, or a combination of both. Other attributes required for authorizing access include, for example, restrictions on time-of-day, day-of-week, and point-of-origin. In defining other account attributes, organizations consider system-related requirements (e.g., scheduled maintenance, system upgrades) and mission/business requirements, (e.g., time zone differences, customer requirements, remote access to support travel requirements). Failure to consider these factors could affect information system availability. Temporary and emergency accounts are accounts intended for short-term use. Organizations establish temporary accounts as a part of normal account activation procedures when there is a need for short-term accounts without the demand for immediacy in account activation. Organizations establish emergency accounts in response to crisis situations and with the need for rapid account activation. Therefore, emergency account activation may bypass normal account authorization processes. Emergency and temporary accounts are not to be confused with infrequently used accounts (e.g., local logon accounts used for special tasks defined by organizations or when network resources are unavailable). Such accounts remain available and are not subject to automatic disabling or removal dates. Conditions for disabling or deactivating accounts include, for example: (i) when shared/group, emergency, or temporary accounts are no longer required; or (ii) when individuals are transferred or terminated. Some types of information system accounts may require specialized training. Related controls: AC-3, AC-4, AC-5, AC-6, AC-10, AC-17, AC-19, AC-20, AU-9, IA-2, IA-4, IA-5, IA-8, CM-5, CM-6, CM-11, MA-3, MA-4, MA-5, PL-4, SC-13.
References: None. |
link |
25 |
| FedRAMP_High_R4 |
AC-2(4) |
FedRAMP_High_R4_AC-2(4) |
FedRAMP High AC-2 (4) |
Access Control |
Automated Audit Actions |
Shared |
n/a |
The information system automatically audits account creation, modification, enabling, disabling, and removal actions, and notifies [Assignment: organization-defined personnel or roles].
Supplemental Guidance: Related controls: AU-2, AU-12. |
link |
5 |
| FedRAMP_High_R4 |
AU-12 |
FedRAMP_High_R4_AU-12 |
FedRAMP High AU-12 |
Audit And Accountability |
Audit Generation |
Shared |
n/a |
The information system:
a. Provides audit record generation capability for the auditable events defined in AU-2 a. at [Assignment: organization-defined information system components];
b. Allows [Assignment: organization-defined personnel or roles] to select which auditable events are to be audited by specific components of the information system; and
c. Generates audit records for the events defined in AU-2 d. with the content defined in AU-3.
Supplemental Guidance: Audit records can be generated from many different information system components. The list of audited events is the set of events for which audits are to be generated. These events are typically a subset of all events for which the information system is capable of generating audit records. Related controls: AC-3, AU-2, AU-3, AU-6, AU-7.
References: None. |
link |
37 |
| FedRAMP_High_R4 |
RA-5(8) |
FedRAMP_High_R4_RA-5(8) |
FedRAMP High RA-5 (8) |
Risk Assessment |
Review Historic Audit Logs |
Shared |
n/a |
The organization reviews historic audit logs to determine if a vulnerability identified in the information system has been previously exploited.
Supplemental Guidance: Related control: AU-6. |
link |
15 |
| FedRAMP_Moderate_R4 |
AC-2 |
FedRAMP_Moderate_R4_AC-2 |
FedRAMP Moderate AC-2 |
Access Control |
Account Management |
Shared |
n/a |
The organization:
a. Identifies and selects the following types of information system accounts to support organizational missions/business functions: [Assignment: organization-defined information system account types];
b. Assigns account managers for information system accounts;
c. Establishes conditions for group and role membership;
d. Specifies authorized users of the information system, group and role membership, and access authorizations (i.e., privileges) and other attributes (as required) for each account;
e. Requires approvals by [Assignment: organization-defined personnel or roles] for requests to create information system accounts;
f. Creates, enables, modifies, disables, and removes information system accounts in accordance with [Assignment: organization-defined procedures or conditions];
g. Monitors the use of, information system accounts;
h. Notifies account managers:
1. When accounts are no longer required;
2. When users are terminated or transferred; and
3. When individual information system usage or need-to-know changes;
i. Authorizes access to the information system based on:
1. A valid access authorization;
2. Intended system usage; and
3. Other attributes as required by the organization or associated missions/business functions;
j. Reviews accounts for compliance with account management requirements [Assignment: organization-defined frequency]; and
k. Establishes a process for reissuing shared/group account credentials (if deployed) when individuals are removed from the group.
Supplemental Guidance: Information system account types include individual, shared, group, system, guest/anonymous, emergency, developer/manufacturer/vendor, temporary, and service. Some of the account management requirements listed above can be implemented by organizational information systems. The identification of authorized users of the information system and the specification of access privileges reflects the requirements in other security controls in the security plan. Users requiring administrative privileges on information system accounts receive additional scrutiny by appropriate organizational personnel (e.g., system owner, mission/business owner, or chief information security officer) responsible for approving such accounts and privileged access. Organizations may choose to define access privileges or other attributes by account, by type of account, or a combination of both. Other attributes required for authorizing access include, for example, restrictions on time-of-day, day-of-week, and point-of-origin. In defining other account attributes, organizations consider system-related requirements (e.g., scheduled maintenance, system upgrades) and mission/business requirements, (e.g., time zone differences, customer requirements, remote access to support travel requirements). Failure to consider these factors could affect information system availability. Temporary and emergency accounts are accounts intended for short-term use. Organizations establish temporary accounts as a part of normal account activation procedures when there is a need for short-term accounts without the demand for immediacy in account activation. Organizations establish emergency accounts in response to crisis situations and with the need for rapid account activation. Therefore, emergency account activation may bypass normal account authorization processes. Emergency and temporary accounts are not to be confused with infrequently used accounts (e.g., local logon accounts used for special tasks defined by organizations or when network resources are unavailable). Such accounts remain available and are not subject to automatic disabling or removal dates. Conditions for disabling or deactivating accounts include, for example: (i) when shared/group, emergency, or temporary accounts are no longer required; or (ii) when individuals are transferred or terminated. Some types of information system accounts may require specialized training. Related controls: AC-3, AC-4, AC-5, AC-6, AC-10, AC-17, AC-19, AC-20, AU-9, IA-2, IA-4, IA-5, IA-8, CM-5, CM-6, CM-11, MA-3, MA-4, MA-5, PL-4, SC-13.
References: None. |
link |
25 |
| FedRAMP_Moderate_R4 |
AC-2(4) |
FedRAMP_Moderate_R4_AC-2(4) |
FedRAMP Moderate AC-2 (4) |
Access Control |
Automated Audit Actions |
Shared |
n/a |
The information system automatically audits account creation, modification, enabling, disabling, and removal actions, and notifies [Assignment: organization-defined personnel or roles].
Supplemental Guidance: Related controls: AU-2, AU-12. |
link |
5 |
| FedRAMP_Moderate_R4 |
AU-12 |
FedRAMP_Moderate_R4_AU-12 |
FedRAMP Moderate AU-12 |
Audit And Accountability |
Audit Generation |
Shared |
n/a |
The information system:
a. Provides audit record generation capability for the auditable events defined in AU-2 a. at [Assignment: organization-defined information system components];
b. Allows [Assignment: organization-defined personnel or roles] to select which auditable events are to be audited by specific components of the information system; and
c. Generates audit records for the events defined in AU-2 d. with the content defined in AU-3.
Supplemental Guidance: Audit records can be generated from many different information system components. The list of audited events is the set of events for which audits are to be generated. These events are typically a subset of all events for which the information system is capable of generating audit records. Related controls: AC-3, AU-2, AU-3, AU-6, AU-7.
References: None. |
link |
37 |
| FedRAMP_Moderate_R4 |
RA-5(8) |
FedRAMP_Moderate_R4_RA-5(8) |
FedRAMP Moderate RA-5 (8) |
Risk Assessment |
Review Historic Audit Logs |
Shared |
n/a |
The organization reviews historic audit logs to determine if a vulnerability identified in the information system has been previously exploited.
Supplemental Guidance: Related control: AU-6. |
link |
15 |
| hipaa |
0217.09j2Organizational.10-09.j |
hipaa-0217.09j2Organizational.10-09.j |
0217.09j2Organizational.10-09.j |
02 Endpoint Protection |
0217.09j2Organizational.10-09.j 09.04 Protection Against Malicious and Mobile Code |
Shared |
n/a |
The organization configures malicious code and spam protection mechanisms to (i) perform periodic scans of the information system according to organization guidelines; (ii) perform real-time scans of files from external sources at endpoints and network entry/exit points as the files are downloaded, opened, or executed in accordance with organizational security policy; and, (iii) block malicious code, quarantine malicious code, or send an alert to the administrator in response to malicious code detection. |
|
25 |
| hipaa |
0644.10k3Organizational.4-10.k |
hipaa-0644.10k3Organizational.4-10.k |
0644.10k3Organizational.4-10.k |
06 Configuration Management |
0644.10k3Organizational.4-10.k 10.05 Security In Development and Support Processes |
Shared |
n/a |
The organization employs automated mechanisms to (i) centrally manage, apply, and verify configuration settings; (ii) respond to unauthorized changes to network and system security-related configuration settings; and, (iii) enforce access restrictions and auditing of the enforcement actions. |
|
20 |
| hipaa |
0663.10h1System.7-10.h |
hipaa-0663.10h1System.7-10.h |
0663.10h1System.7-10.h |
06 Configuration Management |
0663.10h1System.7-10.h 10.04 Security of System Files |
Shared |
n/a |
The operating system has in place supporting technical controls such as antivirus, file integrity monitoring, host-based (personal) firewalls or port filtering tools, and logging as part of its baseline. |
|
16 |
| hipaa |
0714.10m2Organizational.7-10.m |
hipaa-0714.10m2Organizational.7-10.m |
0714.10m2Organizational.7-10.m |
07 Vulnerability Management |
0714.10m2Organizational.7-10.m 10.06 Technical Vulnerability Management |
Shared |
n/a |
The technical vulnerability management program is evaluated on a quarterly basis. |
|
20 |
| hipaa |
0790.10m3Organizational.22-10.m |
hipaa-0790.10m3Organizational.22-10.m |
0790.10m3Organizational.22-10.m |
07 Vulnerability Management |
0790.10m3Organizational.22-10.m 10.06 Technical Vulnerability Management |
Shared |
n/a |
The organization reviews historic audit logs to determine if high vulnerability scan findings identified in the information system have been previously exploited. |
|
17 |
| hipaa |
1106.01b1System.1-01.b |
hipaa-1106.01b1System.1-01.b |
1106.01b1System.1-01.b |
11 Access Control |
1106.01b1System.1-01.b 01.02 Authorized Access to Information Systems |
Shared |
n/a |
User identities are verified prior to establishing accounts. |
|
10 |
| hipaa |
11220.01b1System.10-01.b |
hipaa-11220.01b1System.10-01.b |
11220.01b1System.10-01.b |
11 Access Control |
11220.01b1System.10-01.b 01.02 Authorized Access to Information Systems |
Shared |
n/a |
User registration and de-registration formally address establishing, activating, modifying, reviewing, disabling and removing accounts. |
|
26 |
| hipaa |
1166.01e1System.12-01.e |
hipaa-1166.01e1System.12-01.e |
1166.01e1System.12-01.e |
11 Access Control |
1166.01e1System.12-01.e 01.02 Authorized Access to Information Systems |
Shared |
n/a |
User access rights are reviewed after any changes and reallocated as necessary. |
|
8 |
| hipaa |
1207.09aa2System.4-09.aa |
hipaa-1207.09aa2System.4-09.aa |
1207.09aa2System.4-09.aa |
12 Audit Logging & Monitoring |
1207.09aa2System.4-09.aa 09.10 Monitoring |
Shared |
n/a |
Audit records are retained for 90 days and older audit records are archived for one year. |
|
13 |
| hipaa |
1208.09aa3System.1-09.aa |
hipaa-1208.09aa3System.1-09.aa |
1208.09aa3System.1-09.aa |
12 Audit Logging & Monitoring |
1208.09aa3System.1-09.aa 09.10 Monitoring |
Shared |
n/a |
Audit logs are maintained for management activities, system and application startup/shutdown/errors, file changes, and security policy changes. |
|
18 |
| hipaa |
1210.09aa3System.3-09.aa |
hipaa-1210.09aa3System.3-09.aa |
1210.09aa3System.3-09.aa |
12 Audit Logging & Monitoring |
1210.09aa3System.3-09.aa 09.10 Monitoring |
Shared |
n/a |
All disclosures of covered information within or outside of the organization are logged including type of disclosure, date/time of the event, recipient, and sender. |
|
11 |
| hipaa |
1230.09c2Organizational.1-09.c |
hipaa-1230.09c2Organizational.1-09.c |
1230.09c2Organizational.1-09.c |
12 Audit Logging & Monitoring |
1230.09c2Organizational.1-09.c 09.01 Documented Operating Procedures |
Shared |
n/a |
No single person is able to access, modify, or use information systems without authorization or detection. |
|
13 |
| hipaa |
1808.08b2Organizational.7-08.b |
hipaa-1808.08b2Organizational.7-08.b |
1808.08b2Organizational.7-08.b |
18 Physical & Environmental Security |
1808.08b2Organizational.7-08.b 08.01 Secure Areas |
Shared |
n/a |
Physical access rights are reviewed every 90 days and updated accordingly. |
|
7 |
| ISO27001-2013 |
A.12.4.1 |
ISO27001-2013_A.12.4.1 |
ISO 27001:2013 A.12.4.1 |
Operations Security |
Event Logging |
Shared |
n/a |
Event logs recording user activities, exceptions, faults and information security events shall be produced, kept and regularly reviewed. |
link |
53 |
| ISO27001-2013 |
A.12.4.3 |
ISO27001-2013_A.12.4.3 |
ISO 27001:2013 A.12.4.3 |
Operations Security |
Administrator and operator logs |
Shared |
n/a |
System administrator and system operator activities shall be logged and the logs protected and regularly reviewed. |
link |
29 |
| ISO27001-2013 |
A.9.2.1 |
ISO27001-2013_A.9.2.1 |
ISO 27001:2013 A.9.2.1 |
Access Control |
User registration and de-registration |
Shared |
n/a |
A formal user registration and de-registration process shall be implemented to enable assignment of access rights. |
link |
27 |
| ISO27001-2013 |
A.9.2.2 |
ISO27001-2013_A.9.2.2 |
ISO 27001:2013 A.9.2.2 |
Access Control |
User access provisioning |
Shared |
n/a |
A formal user access provisioning process shall be implemented to assign or revoke access rights for all user types to all systems and services. |
link |
19 |
| ISO27001-2013 |
A.9.2.3 |
ISO27001-2013_A.9.2.3 |
ISO 27001:2013 A.9.2.3 |
Access Control |
Management of privileged access rights |
Shared |
n/a |
The allocation and use of privileged access rights shall be restricted and controlled. |
link |
33 |
| ISO27001-2013 |
A.9.2.5 |
ISO27001-2013_A.9.2.5 |
ISO 27001:2013 A.9.2.5 |
Access Control |
Review of user access rights |
Shared |
n/a |
Asset owners shall review users' access rights at regular intervals. |
link |
17 |
| ISO27001-2013 |
A.9.2.6 |
ISO27001-2013_A.9.2.6 |
ISO 27001:2013 A.9.2.6 |
Access Control |
Removal or adjustment of access rights |
Shared |
n/a |
The access rights of all employees and external party users to information and information processing facilities shall be removed upon termination of their employment, contract or agreement, or adjusted upon change. |
link |
17 |
| NIST_SP_800-171_R2_3 |
.3.6 |
NIST_SP_800-171_R2_3.3.6 |
NIST SP 800-171 R2 3.3.6 |
Audit and Accountability |
Provide audit record reduction and report generation to support on-demand analysis and reporting. |
Shared |
Microsoft and the customer share responsibilities for implementing this requirement. |
Audit record reduction is a process that manipulates collected audit information and organizes such information in a summary format that is more meaningful to analysts. Audit record reduction and report generation capabilities do not always emanate from the same system or organizational entities conducting auditing activities. Audit record reduction capability can include, for example, modern data mining techniques with advanced data filters to identify anomalous behavior in audit records. The report generation capability provided by the system can help generate customizable reports. Time ordering of audit records can be a significant issue if the granularity of the time stamp in the record is insufficient. |
link |
7 |
| NIST_SP_800-53_R4 |
AC-2 |
NIST_SP_800-53_R4_AC-2 |
NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 4 AC-2 |
Access Control |
Account Management |
Shared |
n/a |
The organization:
a. Identifies and selects the following types of information system accounts to support organizational missions/business functions: [Assignment: organization-defined information system account types];
b. Assigns account managers for information system accounts;
c. Establishes conditions for group and role membership;
d. Specifies authorized users of the information system, group and role membership, and access authorizations (i.e., privileges) and other attributes (as required) for each account;
e. Requires approvals by [Assignment: organization-defined personnel or roles] for requests to create information system accounts;
f. Creates, enables, modifies, disables, and removes information system accounts in accordance with [Assignment: organization-defined procedures or conditions];
g. Monitors the use of, information system accounts;
h. Notifies account managers:
1. When accounts are no longer required;
2. When users are terminated or transferred; and
3. When individual information system usage or need-to-know changes;
i. Authorizes access to the information system based on:
1. A valid access authorization;
2. Intended system usage; and
3. Other attributes as required by the organization or associated missions/business functions;
j. Reviews accounts for compliance with account management requirements [Assignment: organization-defined frequency]; and
k. Establishes a process for reissuing shared/group account credentials (if deployed) when individuals are removed from the group.
Supplemental Guidance: Information system account types include individual, shared, group, system, guest/anonymous, emergency, developer/manufacturer/vendor, temporary, and service. Some of the account management requirements listed above can be implemented by organizational information systems. The identification of authorized users of the information system and the specification of access privileges reflects the requirements in other security controls in the security plan. Users requiring administrative privileges on information system accounts receive additional scrutiny by appropriate organizational personnel (e.g., system owner, mission/business owner, or chief information security officer) responsible for approving such accounts and privileged access. Organizations may choose to define access privileges or other attributes by account, by type of account, or a combination of both. Other attributes required for authorizing access include, for example, restrictions on time-of-day, day-of-week, and point-of-origin. In defining other account attributes, organizations consider system-related requirements (e.g., scheduled maintenance, system upgrades) and mission/business requirements, (e.g., time zone differences, customer requirements, remote access to support travel requirements). Failure to consider these factors could affect information system availability. Temporary and emergency accounts are accounts intended for short-term use. Organizations establish temporary accounts as a part of normal account activation procedures when there is a need for short-term accounts without the demand for immediacy in account activation. Organizations establish emergency accounts in response to crisis situations and with the need for rapid account activation. Therefore, emergency account activation may bypass normal account authorization processes. Emergency and temporary accounts are not to be confused with infrequently used accounts (e.g., local logon accounts used for special tasks defined by organizations or when network resources are unavailable). Such accounts remain available and are not subject to automatic disabling or removal dates. Conditions for disabling or deactivating accounts include, for example: (i) when shared/group, emergency, or temporary accounts are no longer required; or (ii) when individuals are transferred or terminated. Some types of information system accounts may require specialized training. Related controls: AC-3, AC-4, AC-5, AC-6, AC-10, AC-17, AC-19, AC-20, AU-9, IA-2, IA-4, IA-5, IA-8, CM-5, CM-6, CM-11, MA-3, MA-4, MA-5, PL-4, SC-13.
References: None. |
link |
25 |
| NIST_SP_800-53_R4 |
AC-2(4) |
NIST_SP_800-53_R4_AC-2(4) |
NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 4 AC-2 (4) |
Access Control |
Automated Audit Actions |
Shared |
n/a |
The information system automatically audits account creation, modification, enabling, disabling, and removal actions, and notifies [Assignment: organization-defined personnel or roles].
Supplemental Guidance: Related controls: AU-2, AU-12. |
link |
5 |
| NIST_SP_800-53_R4 |
AU-12 |
NIST_SP_800-53_R4_AU-12 |
NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 4 AU-12 |
Audit And Accountability |
Audit Generation |
Shared |
n/a |
The information system:
a. Provides audit record generation capability for the auditable events defined in AU-2 a. at [Assignment: organization-defined information system components];
b. Allows [Assignment: organization-defined personnel or roles] to select which auditable events are to be audited by specific components of the information system; and
c. Generates audit records for the events defined in AU-2 d. with the content defined in AU-3.
Supplemental Guidance: Audit records can be generated from many different information system components. The list of audited events is the set of events for which audits are to be generated. These events are typically a subset of all events for which the information system is capable of generating audit records. Related controls: AC-3, AU-2, AU-3, AU-6, AU-7.
References: None. |
link |
37 |
| NIST_SP_800-53_R4 |
RA-5(8) |
NIST_SP_800-53_R4_RA-5(8) |
NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 4 RA-5 (8) |
Risk Assessment |
Review Historic Audit Logs |
Shared |
n/a |
The organization reviews historic audit logs to determine if a vulnerability identified in the information system has been previously exploited.
Supplemental Guidance: Related control: AU-6. |
link |
15 |
| NIST_SP_800-53_R5 |
AC-2 |
NIST_SP_800-53_R5_AC-2 |
NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 AC-2 |
Access Control |
Account Management |
Shared |
n/a |
a. Define and document the types of accounts allowed and specifically prohibited for use within the system;
b. Assign account managers;
c. Require [Assignment: organization-defined prerequisites and criteria] for group and role membership;
d. Specify:
1. Authorized users of the system;
2. Group and role membership; and
3. Access authorizations (i.e., privileges) and [Assignment: organization-defined attributes (as required)] for each account;
e. Require approvals by [Assignment: organization-defined personnel or roles] for requests to create accounts;
f. Create, enable, modify, disable, and remove accounts in accordance with [Assignment: organization-defined policy, procedures, prerequisites, and criteria];
g. Monitor the use of accounts;
h. Notify account managers and [Assignment: organization-defined personnel or roles] within:
1. [Assignment: organization-defined time period] when accounts are no longer required;
2. [Assignment: organization-defined time period] when users are terminated or transferred; and
3. [Assignment: organization-defined time period] when system usage or need-to-know changes for an individual;
i. Authorize access to the system based on:
1. A valid access authorization;
2. Intended system usage; and
3. [Assignment: organization-defined attributes (as required)];
j. Review accounts for compliance with account management requirements [Assignment: organization-defined frequency];
k. Establish and implement a process for changing shared or group account authenticators (if deployed) when individuals are removed from the group; and
l. Align account management processes with personnel termination and transfer processes. |
link |
25 |
| NIST_SP_800-53_R5 |
AC-2(4) |
NIST_SP_800-53_R5_AC-2(4) |
NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 AC-2 (4) |
Access Control |
Automated Audit Actions |
Shared |
n/a |
Automatically audit account creation, modification, enabling, disabling, and removal actions. |
link |
5 |
| NIST_SP_800-53_R5 |
AU-12 |
NIST_SP_800-53_R5_AU-12 |
NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 AU-12 |
Audit and Accountability |
Audit Record Generation |
Shared |
n/a |
a. Provide audit record generation capability for the event types the system is capable of auditing as defined in [AU-2a](#au-2_smt.a) on [Assignment: organization-defined system components];
b. Allow [Assignment: organization-defined personnel or roles] to select the event types that are to be logged by specific components of the system; and
c. Generate audit records for the event types defined in [AU-2c](#au-2_smt.c) that include the audit record content defined in [AU-3](#au-3). |
link |
37 |
| NIST_SP_800-53_R5 |
RA-5(8) |
NIST_SP_800-53_R5_RA-5(8) |
NIST SP 800-53 Rev. 5 RA-5 (8) |
Risk Assessment |
Review Historic Audit Logs |
Shared |
n/a |
Review historic audit logs to determine if a vulnerability identified in a [Assignment: organization-defined system] has been previously exploited within an [Assignment: organization-defined time period]. |
link |
15 |
| PCI_DSS_v4.0 |
10.2.1 |
PCI_DSS_v4.0_10.2.1 |
PCI DSS v4.0 10.2.1 |
Requirement 10: Log and Monitor All Access to System Components and Cardholder Data |
Audit logs are implemented to support the detection of anomalies and suspicious activity, and the forensic analysis of events |
Shared |
n/a |
Audit logs are enabled and active for all system components and cardholder data. |
link |
4 |
| PCI_DSS_v4.0 |
10.2.1.5 |
PCI_DSS_v4.0_10.2.1.5 |
PCI DSS v4.0 10.2.1.5 |
Requirement 10: Log and Monitor All Access to System Components and Cardholder Data |
Audit logs are implemented to support the detection of anomalies and suspicious activity, and the forensic analysis of events |
Shared |
n/a |
Audit logs capture all changes to identification and authentication credentials including, but not limited to:
• Creation of new accounts.
• Elevation of privileges.
• All changes, additions, or deletions to accounts with administrative access. |
link |
13 |
| PCI_DSS_v4.0 |
7.2.4 |
PCI_DSS_v4.0_7.2.4 |
PCI DSS v4.0 7.2.4 |
Requirement 07: Restrict Access to System Components and Cardholder Data by Business Need to Know |
Access to system components and data is appropriately defined and assigned |
Shared |
n/a |
All user accounts and related access privileges, including third-party/vendor accounts, are reviewed as follows:
• At least once every six months.
• To ensure user accounts and access remain appropriate based on job function.
• Any inappropriate access is addressed.
• Management acknowledges that access remains appropriate. |
link |
4 |
| SOC_2 |
CC6.2 |
SOC_2_CC6.2 |
SOC 2 Type 2 CC6.2 |
Logical and Physical Access Controls |
Access provisioning and removal |
Shared |
The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation. |
Controls Access Credentials to Protected Assets — Information asset access credentials are created based on an authorization from the system's asset owner or authorized custodian.
• Removes Access to Protected Assets When Appropriate — Processes are in place to
remove credential access when an individual no longer requires such access.
• Reviews Appropriateness of Access Credentials — The appropriateness of access
credentials is reviewed on a periodic basis for unnecessary and inappropriate indIviduals with credentials. |
|
11 |
| SOC_2 |
CC6.3 |
SOC_2_CC6.3 |
SOC 2 Type 2 CC6.3 |
Logical and Physical Access Controls |
Rol based access and least privilege |
Shared |
The customer is responsible for implementing this recommendation. |
• Creates or Modifies Access to Protected Information Assets — Processes are in
place to create or modify access to protected information assets based on authorization from the asset’s owner.
• Removes Access to Protected Information Assets — Processes are in place to remove access to protected information assets when an individual no longer requires
access.
• Uses Role-Based Access Controls — Role-based access control is utilized to support segregation of incompatible functions.
• Reviews Access Roles and Rules — The appropriateness of access roles and access
rules is reviewed on a periodic basis for unnecessary and inappropriate individuals
with access and access rules are modified as appropriate |
|
20 |
| SWIFT_CSCF_v2022 |
5.1 |
SWIFT_CSCF_v2022_5.1 |
SWIFT CSCF v2022 5.1 |
5. Manage Identities and Segregate Privileges |
Enforce the security principles of need-to-know access, least privilege, and separation of duties for operator accounts. |
Shared |
n/a |
Accounts are defined according to the security principles of need-to-know access, least privilege, and separation of duties. |
link |
35 |
| SWIFT_CSCF_v2022 |
6.1 |
SWIFT_CSCF_v2022_6.1 |
SWIFT CSCF v2022 6.1 |
6. Detect Anomalous Activity to Systems or Transaction Records |
Ensure that local SWIFT infrastructure is protected against malware and act upon results. |
Shared |
n/a |
Anti-malware software from a reputable vendor is installed, kept up-to-date on all systems, and results are considered for appropriate resolving actions. |
link |
31 |
| SWIFT_CSCF_v2022 |
6.4 |
SWIFT_CSCF_v2022_6.4 |
SWIFT CSCF v2022 6.4 |
6. Detect Anomalous Activity to Systems or Transaction Records |
Record security events and detect anomalous actions and operations within the local SWIFT environment. |
Shared |
n/a |
Capabilities to detect anomalous activity are implemented, and a process or tool is in place to keep and review logs. |
link |
52 |